Worldwide, governments are attempting a unique combination of hard and soft legislation aimed at getting business to share responsibility for providing and sustaining a welfare state. The discretionary responsibility of philanthropy is increasingly coming under mandate; we label this as mandated CSR (mCSR). The concept of mCSR is discussed in the present chapter, using experiences from Indian legislation. In 2013, India legislated that large-sized companies must spend two percent of their net profit on priority issues such as poverty alleviation, capacity building, and environmental sustainability. This study discusses various problems and implications that are likely to be inherent in mCSR, using the Indian legislation as a backdrop.