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IIM Indore

Humanities and Social Sciences

Social identity research on crowds demonstrates how cognitive self‐definition as a crowd member results in conformity to identity‐relevant norms. Rather less research has addressed the social‐relational changes within a crowd and how these impact collective experience positively. The present study investigates these processes at a month‐long mass gathering in India. Analysis of 37 interviews with participants attending the annual Magh Mela pilgrimage evidences the concept of shared identity as underpinning their understanding of this mass gathering. Moreover, a theoretically derived thematic analysis of these interviews shows the value of the analytic concepts of recognition, validation, and solidarity in illuminating the ways in which social relations in the crowd were experienced and contributed to the experience of the event. Through exploring the multi‐dimensional nature of relational connectedness in crowds we contribute to an understanding of crowd experience and group processes.

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European Journal of Social Psychology

Social relations in crowds: Recognition, validation and solidarity

The Asian Conference on Ethics, Religion & Philosophy 2019

“Ethical Relativism” in International Marketing: A Critical Assessment and an Alternative”

The SHG-based micro-finance programme for income generation and empowerment is extremely popular and has a wide reach in India. SHG s have been playing a key mediating role to empower a socially, economically, and politically deprived section comprising mostly women. Scholars have investigated the phenomenon of SHG, but largely from development perspectives. The present paper is an earnest and novel attempt to examine the evolution and development of the phenomenon of SHG in the eastern Indian state of Odisha from the social movement perspective. Based on both secondary and primary data, it discusses whether the phenomenon is a social movement at all and examines the applicability of resource mobilisation theory to study it.

Asian Journal of Social Science

SHG s and SHG Banking in Odisha: A Government Programme, a Social Movement, or a Hybrid?

This paper focuses on the twentieth century administrative and institutional history of the ‘Indian’ Staff College. This institutional focus on the Staff College helps reveal the political, military and intellectual fault lines that have intersected with the processes of military institution-building in India. By focussing on the administrative challenges of the Staff College, I am to chart the historical development of the practices which have undergirded the delivery of professional military education on the subcontinent.

Journal of Strategic Studies

The ‘Indian’ staff college: Politics and practices of military institution-building in Twentieth century India

Many might be promptly answering yes to such a question, especially those trained in psychology and applied behavioral sciences (like behavioral economics, medical decision-making, marketing, science communication, environmental action, or public policy). From the time <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02723/full#B12">Kahneman and Tversky (1979)</a> proposed Prospect theory as an alternative to the dominant expected utility model in economics, the landscape of psychology (and recently, neuro/behavioral economics) has changed. Instead of the then-common idea of expected utility that explained the valuation of outcomes, Kahneman and Tversky suggested viewing possible outcomes as prospects by combining a value function and a probability function. The value function (with which we are concerned with here) was based on the loss aversion principle that states losses are weighted subjectively more than gains for the same objective magnitude, measured from a neutral reference point. This meant that the psychological value (or intensity) of losing (−500$) was much more than the value of gaining (+500$). The formal representation of the value function captures both risk aversion and loss aversion. The curvature of diminishing marginal utility explains risk aversion and an asymmetric slope at the origin codes differential subjective utility of gains vs. losses. Formally, the function is defined as a mapping from objective value (x) to subjective utility of the objective value u(x):

Scopus

Revise the Belief in Loss Aversion

Loan waiver policies are ostensibly political decisions, but surprisingly there have been no political analyses of the policy. The paper presents a political study on the policy through a descriptive analysis of a comprehensive primary data set that comprises all loan waiver announcements in India over the last three decades. The findings bring into light the political, economic and environmental factors that have had a bearing on the politicians&rsquo; choice to introduce waivers. Further, it highlights that politicians choose from a variety of waiver policy designs, and this choice has substantive implications for the size of the waiver programme.

Economic and Political Weekly

The politics of farm loan waivers: a comparative study

The paper brings light to the politics of historical personalities in the Indian political discourse by
an analysis of 53 speeches delivered by the Indian Prime Minister (PM), Narendra Modi, between
October 2014 and February 2019 as part of a new communication intervention (‘Mann ki Baat’
(MkB)). We used the principle of ‘balance’ as a baseline to investigate whether the speeches
reflected an imbalance in the salience given to historical personalities. A preliminary analysis
reveals the following: We find higher salience of historical personalities that are ideological
sympathists of the PM’s party as compared to those that are ideological opponents of the party.
Interestingly, the highest salience was received by the category of ideological ‘targets’, which
comprises personalities that are not connected to the PM’s party but with whom alignment was
sought to be projected. The apparent strategy for aligning targets was by drawing connections
between the personalities and the policies of the government. Further, we find that aggregate
personality mentions rose over time and the increase was driven by mentions to ideological
sympathists. These preliminary findings on the ideological leanings of the speeches are
interesting as MkB had been repeatedly projected as serving an ‘apolitical’ purpose. Thereby the
study brings light to the subtle innovations in communication that politicians can employ for
furthering ideological objectives. 


WORKING PAPER

The Politics of Historical Personalities: Textual Analysis of Speeches by the Indian Prime Minister

Handbook of Disability, Work and Health

Trends in Work and Employment in Rapidly Developing Countries

The values of confidentiality and transparency are often invoked in the theory and practice of investment treaty arbitration. Transparency is considered to be one of the key aspects of good governance and corporate social responsibility. It includes the obligation of the host state to publish all the legal rules, regulations and other statutory requirements affecting investors. Confidentiality is considered the hallmark and unique feature of arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism. However, it is difficult to balance these two values, in principle due to the difference in the various investment arbitration cases, as well as the high degree of public interest involved in such proceedings. The competing interests between transparency and confidentiality have significantly increased in the recent past, and the difficulty lies in drawing a medial line between them. There is also debate as to what extent non-disputing parties are allowed to participate in investment arbitration, and what the essential requirements are to admit them. It is in this connection that this article makes an in-depth analysis of how investment arbitration frameworks have approached the questions of transparency, confidentiality and amicus curiae participation over the years. The article assesses and explores similar issues within the International Convention on the settlement of investment disputes between States and nationals of other States, 1965 (ICSID), the North American Free Trade Agreement, 1994 (NAFTA) and the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) Arbitration Rules, 1978. The study also makes a critical analysis of celebrated cases falling within each category. The article further elaborates the transparency requirements in the U.S. Model Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), 2012, and the recently adopted Indian Model BIT, 2015. The study is very significant because the United Nations has recently adopted the Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor- State Arbitration, 2014 (Mauritius Convention), which ensures transparency and public accessibility to investor-state arbitration.

BRICS Law Journal

TRANSPARENCY AND CONFIDENTIALITY REQUIREMENTS IN INVESTMENT TREATY ARBITRATION

PurposeIn the last decade, the Chinese Government enacted two rule-based policy changes related to property rights, namely, a constitutional amendment to protect the lawful rights of the private sector in 2004 and a property rights law in 2007. Using property rights theory, the purpose of this paper is to hypothesize the contingent effect that these property rights changes have on the investment of individual human and financial capital toward entrepreneurship. In addition, this study also explores whether property rights changes have a differential effect on the two forms of entrepreneurship, namely, opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses logit regression analysis on a two-period model using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database to test these effects.FindingsContrary to existing evidence from western contexts, this study finds that property rights changes have a significant influence on the investment of both forms of capital toward necessity entrepreneurship in China.Research limitations/implicationsThe use of a secondary database like GEM has certain limitations, such as the non-availability of data on a longitudinal basis, and the need to operationalize certain constructs like social and financial capital as non-continuous variables.Originality/valueThere has been limited research on the phenomena of necessity entrepreneurship in economies such as that of China. The findings of this study highlight that property rights protection is equally important for necessity entrepreneurship in institutional contexts like China.