<p>IIM Indore seeks to be a contextually-relevant business school with world-class academic standards that develops socially-conscious managers, leaders and entrepreneurs. IIM Indore is committed to: Excellence in management education, research, and training, Use of contemporary participant-centric pedagogies and teaching methods, A presence in emerging segments of management education.</p>

IIM Indore

Strategic Management

This empirical study leverages the theoretical underpinnings of regulatory focus theory, an influential theory of self-regulation, to investigate the impact of CEOs' dispositional prevention focus on firms' deal structuring choices in mergers and acquisitions. We build on the argument that the dispositional prevention focus of individuals is associated with a higher perception of risk and a preference for non-losses. Accordingly, this study suggests a positive relationship between the intensity of an acquiring firm CEO's dispositional prevention focus and the firm's propensity to use earnouts as a post-closing risk-mitigating instrument in the deal consideration structure. Furthermore, this study accounts for the important role of contextual cues in priming dispositional prevention focus through the concepts of regulatory fit and misfit and examines the moderating impact of M&A deals involving foreign targets and the acquiring firm's acquisition experience on the baseline relationship. We test our predictions on a dataset comprising 217 deals from 2006 to 2011 in the United Kingdom. Building on the micro-foundations of strategy, these findings contribute to the literature on deal structuring choices in mergers and acquisitions. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.

World University root node

Journal of International Management

Earnouts in M&amp;A deal structuring: The impact of CEO prevention focus

The business process outsourcing industry has got disrupted, first by the significant shift in value creation activities from the clients to the service providers, and second by pervasive digital penetration, resulting in the emergence of Digital Transformational Outsourcing (DTO). Service providers now play a more significant role, making their capabilities important. In the new context, service providers require a uniquely different set of dynamic capabilities to handle end-to-end business functions on behalf of their clients while delivering digital value propositions. We study 26 of the largest global business process outsourcing providers to conceptualise and identify six dynamic capabilities of service providers salient in the new context, i.e., consultative, orchestration, insights, network management, knowledge access, and standardisation. Interviews conducted with industry experts provided evidence in support of the identified dynamic capabilities. A novel firm capability dataset was created using secondary data, and using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), we identify configurations for high and low performance and find them to vary by the firm's broad/narrow scope. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

International Journal of Information Management

Decoding digital transformational outsourcing: The role of service providers’ capabilities

This paper focuses on how firms use exploitation and exploration to develop strategic agility, and how strategic agility impacts the international performance of firms from emerging markets. Analyzing proprietary data on firms operating in India, we find that exploration and exploitation help them develop strategic agility. Explorative agility is shown to improve international performance in competitive environments, while exploitative agility enhances it in dynamic ones. Our paper contributes in examining the role of exploration and exploitation as the antecedents of strategic agility, and their contingent effects on international performance in environmental uncertainties. The discussion provides guidance for managers coping with environmental uncertainties in the international markets. © 2021

Journal of World Business

Strategic agility, environmental uncertainties and international performance: The perspective of Indian firms

arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.

An Algorithm to Effect Prompt Termination of Myopic Local Search on Kauffman-s NK Landscape

This paper investigates the role of pluralistic ignorance as a credible governance mechanism mitigating the emergence of the dark side in peer-to-peer transactions. Using the empirical context of the Indian banking industry, this paper identifies three underlying dimensions of pluralistic ignorance arising from firm, relationship, and institutional factors and links them to peer-to-peer transaction preferences, especially under conditions of uncertainty. By focusing on a particular type of interorganizational relationship that is recurrent but devoid of specific asset investment, this paper provides an alternative governance mechanism that complements the formal and relational contract-based approaches to mitigating the dark side in interorganizational transactions prevalent in the existing literature. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Journal of Business Research

Pluralistic ignorance, risk perception, and the governance of the dark side in peer-to-peer transactions: Evidence from the Indian banking industry

This study highlights how social and commercial enterprises with local and global presence, balance their economic and social goals, to sustainably serve the bottom-of-the-pyramid (BoP) markets, predominantly in emerging economies. Employing the lens of transaction cost economics and configurational theory, we propose that successful venturing into the BoP markets, sensitize firms to create appropriate governance mechanisms for reducing transaction costs, resulting in creation and capture of values. Further, these mechanisms enable those firms to attain cost efficiency and sustainability in the process of fulfilling their social objectives. To that end, we employed the case survey method to analyse 42 cases, from the Harvard Business School repository, on multinational enterprises (MNEs) in emerging economies. Further, we used qualitative comparative analysis to uncover the various causal governance configurations that enabled those firms to sustainably serve the BoP markets. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

International Business Review

Investigating the causal configurations of cost-efficient firms at the bottom of the pyramid

In international business (IB), the level of equity ownership adopted by a firm is an important decision. In this study, we review and synthesize the findings of 105 empirical studies published in prominent IB and management journals on the determinants of equity ownership stake in foreign investment decisions, published between 1991 and 2020. Three primary theoretical lenses ‒ organizational learning perspective, transaction cost economics and institutional perspective – are adopted to catalogue and synthesize the existing literature. We find that, despite the proliferation of IB studies on antecedents of level of equity ownership decisions, many unanswered questions remain. We also find that theoretical fault lines impede progress in this research stream. Based on the literature review, we suggest a research programme that includes accounting for the behavioural view of decision-making in the organization, shifting from an atomistic perspective to a network perspective of the firm, having a better understanding of the process of internationalization and considering industry heterogeneity as well as the host country's characteristics. © 2021 British Academy of Management and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

International Journal of Management Reviews

Determinants of Equity Ownership Stake in Foreign Entry Decisions: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda

14th International Conference Convergence

<p>Not all equal: Necessary-but-not-sufficient capabilities for service providers in digital transformational outsourcing</p>

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the role of information and communication technology (ICT) in the knowledge creation practices adopted by a health care organization. The organization is delivering care to patients of a genetic disorder, called the sickle cell, in tribal communities. The paper identifies how ICT intermediates knowledge creation practices across the organizational boundaries wherein tribal patients, front-line counselors and expert physicians interact, which then produces context-specific, evidence-based medicine (EBM). Design/methodology/approach: The knowledge-in-practice approach is adopted to conduct an ethnographic study of sickle cell care practices in a non-profit health care organization in Western India. The analysis focuses on ICT-mediated interactional practices among the physicians, front-line counselors, tribal patients and their families, for more than a year-long observation. These are supplemented with informal and formal interviews, archival records and vignettes based on several episodes to explicate the key knowledge creation practices. Findings: Technology-mediated informative interactions at organizational boundaries can bridge socio-linguistic and interpretive barriers between actors, while also providing a generative structure that leads to the creation of longitudinal clinical evidence about a rare genetic disorder. Three specific ICT-entwined knowledge creation practices emerge, namely, knowing the community, increasing interactional engagement and constructing gradients of socio-clinical history. These practices generate organization-wide knowledge about the social and clinical dimensions of the genetic disorder. The findings are presented through vignettes and a novel conceptual framework. Research limitations/implications: This study identifies various useful knowledge creation practices in health care delivery for resource-constrained emerging economy contexts. Further, the study suggests that the involvement of local front-line actors and ICT can become important resources in the delivery of health care in these settings. Originality/value: A novel framework is developed which demonstrates knowledge creation at organizational boundaries wherein the actors use ICT-based practices for effective delivery of health care. The proposed framework may be used by health care organizations in similar contexts providing care to marginalized communities. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Fulltext

Journal of Knowledge Management

Knowledge creation practices at organizational boundaries: the role of ICT in sickle-cell care for tribal communities

Extant research is vertically divided on the question whether exploration and exploitation constitute two ends of a continuum or whether they are orthogonal activities. We suggest that both characterizations are admissible, albeit under different sets of assumptions. Using March’s iconic model, we demonstrate that the continuum conception concerns leveraging an organization’s internal knowledge heterogeneity where managers use their prior knowledge and experiences to formulate actions to attain the maximum possible extent of organizational knowledge at equilibrium. In contrast, the orthogonal conception mainly concerns assimilating heterogeneous knowledge from sources outside the organization through risky experimentation, leading to order-creation in systems operating in far-from-equilibrium conditions. We further demonstrate that the change in outcome obtained by switching from low to high rate of exploitation is larger—and therefore easier to detect—for the continuum conception. We speculate that many managers and researchers favor conceptualizing exploration–exploitation in the continuum sense, for this reason. Moreover, companies obtain far higher organizational knowledge by functioning in the orthogonal mode, than what is attainable by functioning in the continuum mode. Organizations should, therefore, strive to create conditions that foster cultivation of outside knowledge through autonomous actions of employees. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.